نشریه علمی هنرهای صناعی خراسان بزرگ

نشریه علمی هنرهای صناعی خراسان بزرگ

تحلیل نقوش سنگ قبور مزار مولانا زین‌الدین ابوبکر تایبادی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده
کارشناسی‌ارشد، مدرس دانشگاه، گروه هنرهای تجسمی، واحد تربت‌جام، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تربت‌جام، ایران
چکیده
سنگ قبور یکی از وجوه تجلی فرهنگ و باور هر جامعه و نشان‌دهنده آداب دینی مردم هر منطقه بوده که به‌واسطه ارزش‌های تاریخی و باستان‌شناسی شایان توجه‌ هستند. این پژوهش به بررسی سنگ‌قبرهای مزار مولانا زین‌الدین ابوبکر تایبادی، واقع در خراسان رضوی، شهرستان تایباد پرداخته است. جهت انجام این پژوهشِ توصیفی-تحلیلی، 107 سنگ‌قبر موردمطالعه بوده که به دلیل همسانی در نقش و طرح، 11 نمونه به‌صورت هدفمند انتخاب شد. مجموعه شامل مزار مولانا زین‌الدین ابوبکر تایبادی و چهار تن از اطرافیانش و سه تن از شهدای دفاع مقدس و حدود 100 سنگ‌قبر مربوط به ساکنین تایباد است. هدف پژوهش مطالعه ساختار کتیبه‌ها، مضامین و نقوش سنگ قبور و پاسخ به این پرسش است که فرم کتیبه‌ها، نقوش و تزئینات در ساختار سنگ‌قبرهای این مجموعه چیست؟ یافته‌ها نشان می‌دهد که مضامین دارای آیات و اسماء الهی به پایداری خداوند سبحان و فناپذیری انسان گناهکار اشاره دارد. سنگ‌قبرها به‌صورت کلی به شکل پلکانی، خوابیده، افراشته و غیره با عناصر بصری محرابی با دایره در بخش فوقانی، محرابی با کتیبه‌های افقی زیر هم و غیره تقسیم می‌شوند. نقوش دارای ریتمی تزیینی و غالب در اندیشه و فرهنگ جامعه آن دوره بوده و به شکل نقوش هندسی، نقوش گیاهی و نقوش سمبلیک هستند. نوع خط کتیبه‌ها اکثراً نستعلیق و ثلث است که با محتوای آیات و احادیث قرآنی، نام و کنیه متوفی و تاریخ وفات نگارش یافته که جملگی طلب آمرزش و بخشش برای متوفی را شامل می‌شود.
کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله English

Analysis of the Tombstone Inscriptions of Maulana Zainuddin Abu Bakr Taybadi

نویسنده English

Monire Gaziki nezhad
MA in Social Science, University Lecturer, Department of Visual Arts, Torbat Jam Branch, Islamic Azad University, Torbatjam, Iran
چکیده English

Tombstones are one of the manifestations of the culture and beliefs of each society and represent the religious customs of the people of each region, which are noteworthy due to their historical and archaeological values. This research has examined the tombstones of the shrine of Maulana Zainuddin Abu Bakr Tāybādi, located in Khorasan Razavi in Tāybād County. To conduct this descriptive-analytical research, one hundred and seven tombstones were studied, and eleven samples were purposefully selected due to their similarity in pattern and design. The collection includes the tombs of Maulana Zainuddin Abu Bakr Tāybādi and four of his relatives, three of the martyrs of the Holy Defense (Iraq-Iran war), and about one hundred tombstones belonging to the residents of Tāybād. The aim of the research is to study the structure of the inscriptions, themes, and designs of the tombstones and to answer the question of what is the form of the inscriptions, designs, and decorations in the structure of the tombstones of this collection? The findings show that the themes containing verses and divine Allah’s names refer to the permanence of Allah, the Almighty, and the mortality of sinful man. Tombstones are generally divided into staircase, on ground, raised, etc. shapes with visual elements such as a Mihrab with a circle in the upper part, a Mihrab with horizontal inscriptions one under the other, etc. The motifs have a decorative rhythm that is dominant in the thought and culture of the society of that era and are seen in the form of geometric motifs, plant motifs, and symbolic motifs. The type of script of the inscriptions is mostly Nastaliq and Thuluth, which is written with the content of Quranic verses and hadiths, the name and nickname of the deceased, and the date of his/her death, all of which include a request for forgiveness and pardon for the deceased. (feminine)

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Khorasan
Tāybād
Maulana Zainuddin Abu Bakr Tāybādi
tombstone engravings
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  • تاریخ دریافت 21 آذر 1403
  • تاریخ بازنگری 07 دی 1403
  • تاریخ پذیرش 20 فروردین 1404