تنوع بازنمایی جانوری بر ظروف فلزی خراسان در هنر سلجوقی

خضری, محمد محسن

doi:10.22034/hgj.2024.208919

تنوع بازنمایی جانوری بر ظروف فلزی خراسان در هنر سلجوقی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

محمد محسن خضری

عضو هیات علمی گروه ارتباط تصویری، مؤسسه آموزش عالی فردوس، مشهد، ایران

10.22034/hgj.2024.208919

چکیده

بازنمایی جانوران در آثار هنر ایران از دیرباز جایگاه ارزنده‌ای داشته‌، به‌طوری‌که بعد از اسلام نیز باوجود محدودیت‌‌ها، به نحوی مبتکرانه در ساخت و تزیین اشیاء به حیات خود ادامه داده است. یکی از زمینه‌های درخشان بازنمایی جانوری، فلزکاری عصر سلجوقی در منطقۀ خراسان بوده که به دلیل تنوع گونه‌های جانوری و بازنمایی خلاقانۀ آن‌ها، بسیار چشمگیر است. این پژوهش با هدف شناسایی تنوع بازنمایی جانوران در ظروف فلزی خراسان انجام شده است. روش این پژوهش توصیفی-تحلیلی بوده و تمام نمونه‌های در دسترس، مدنظر قرار داشته است. نتایج پژوهش چهار نوع بازنمایی جانوری را نشان می‌دهد: 1. تصویرسازی‌های جانوری: نگاره‌هایی هستند که با فنون مختلف بر قسمت‌های مختلف ظروف ترسیم شده‌اند. 2. نقش برجسته‌های جانوری: برجسته‌‌سازی جانوران به‌ویژه هارپی، شیر، شاهین، عقاب و اسب بر بدنۀ برخی از ظروف است. 3. متعلقات جانوری: اجزاء جانورسانی که به فرم دسته، پایه، در، قفل و آبریز ظروف درآمده یا به آن‌ها متصل شده‌اند. 4. ظروف جانوری: ظروفی که به فرم اندام یک جانور طراحی شده‌اند. همچنین، نتایج نشان می‌دهد شناسایی دقیق برخی از گونه‌های جانوری امکان‌پذیر نیست. بنابراین، نام جانورانی که تا حدودی قابل‌شناسایی بوده‌اند هم آورده شده‌ است. جانوران واقعی شامل شیر، گربه، سیاه‌گوش، یوزپلنگ، گاو، بز، خرگوش، سگ شکاری، روباه، شتر، اسب، آهو، گوزن، غاز، اردک، کبوتر، خروس، قرقاول، طاووس، عقاب، شاهین، ماهی، خرچنگ و عقرب و جانوران افسانه‌ای شامل هارپی، ابوالهول، شیردال و اژدهاست.

کلیدواژه‌ها

فلزکاری سلجوقی

فلزکاری خراسان

ظروف برنزی سلجوقی

ظروف جانوری

بازنمایی جانوری

20.1001.1.30927498.1403.2.5.6.5

عنوان مقاله English

Diversity of Zoomorphic Representation on Khorasan Metal Containers in Seljuk Art

نویسنده English

Mohammad Mohsen Khezri

Affiliation: Ferdows Institute of Higher Education

چکیده English

The representation of animals in Iranian works of art has had a valuable place for a long time, so that even after Islam, despite the restrictions, it has continued to exist in an innovative way in the construction and decoration of objects. One of the brilliant fields of animal representation is the Seljuk era metalwork in the Khorasan region, which is very impressive due to the variety of animal species and their creative representation. This research was carried out with the aim of identifying the variety of zoomorphic representation in the metal containers of Khorasan. The method of this research is descriptive-analytical and all available samples have been taken into consideration. The results of the research show four forms of representation: 1-Zoomorphic illustrations: they are flat pictures that are drawn with different techniques 2-Zoomorphic reliefs: embossing of animals, especially harpies, lions, hawks, eagles, and horses, are featured on the body of some dishes. 3-Zoomorphic accessories: Container accessories in the form of handles, bases, doors, locks, and gutters, or related to them. 4-Zoomorphic containers: containers that are designed in the form of an animal organ. Also, the results show that accurate identification of some animal species is not possible. Therefore, the names of animals that can be identified to some extent are also given. Real animals include: lion, cat, lynx, cheetah, cow, goat, rabbit, hound, fox, camel, horse, deer, gazelle, goose, duck, pigeon, rooster, pheasant, peacock, eagle, hawk, fish, crab And scorpions and legendary creatures include: harpy, sphinx, griffin and dragon.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Seljuk metalwork

Khorasan metalwork

Zoomorphic containers

Zoomorphic representation

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